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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Verizon FiOS" and "FiOS" redirect here. For more on the service from Frontier Communications, see <a href="FiOS_from_Frontier" class="mw-redirect" title="FiOS from Frontier">FiOS from Frontier</a>. For other uses, see <a href="Fios_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Fios (disambiguation)">Fios (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Verizon Fios</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><div class="infobox-caption">Verizon Fios logo, 2015-2024</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">TV, Internet, & phone</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 22, 2005<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2005-09-22</span>)</span><br><a href="Keller%2C_Texas" title="Keller, Texas">Keller, Texas</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="New_York_City%2C_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, New York">New York City, New York</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Verizon_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Communications">Verizon Communications</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">JuniorNet</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Verizon Fios</b> is a <a href="Triple_play_(telecommunications)" title="Triple play (telecommunications)">bundled</a> <a href="Internet_access" title="Internet access">Internet access</a>, telephone, and <a href="Cable_television" title="Cable television">television</a> service provided by <a href="Verizon" title="Verizon">Verizon Communications</a> that operates over a <a href="Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">fiber optical</a> network within the United States.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_development_(1995–1996)">Early development (1995–1996)</h3></div>

<p>The early stages of Fios began when <a href="Bell_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bell Atlantic">Bell Atlantic</a> (now Verizon Communications) was testing its video service "<a href="Tele-TV" title="Tele-TV">Stargazer</a>" in 1995. This was the first commercial <a href="Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a> (VOD) service, which was tested for 1,000 homes in <a href="Northern_Virginia" title="Northern Virginia">Northern Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time there were talks of developing a fiber optic-based service. In 1996, VP of Programming Bob Townsend told the <i><a href="Baltimore_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Sun">Baltimore Sun</a></i> that Stargazer would be "folded into (Bell Atlantic's) deployment of fiber to the curb."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch_and_expansion_(2005–2010)">Launch and expansion (2005–2010)</h3></div>

<p>In September 2005, Verizon Communications began offering a fiber optic digital television service, which became available for 9,000 customers in <a href="Keller%2C_Texas" title="Keller, Texas">Keller, Texas</a>. Called Fios TV, the service aimed to replace copper wires with <a href="Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">optical fibers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By August 2006, Fios TV was available in parts of seven states.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stable_footprint_(2010–present)">Stable footprint (2010–present)</h3></div>

<p>In March 2010, Verizon announced that it was winding down its Fios expansion, concentrating on completing its network in areas that already had Fios franchises but were not deploying to new areas, which included the cities of <a href="Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> and <a href="Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, which had not yet secured municipal franchise agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some viewed the halt in expansion as a violation of Verizon's agreements with some municipalities and states, since Verizon has collected revenue to deploy infrastructure upgrades that never occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In New Jersey, Verizon collected $15 billion in fees from customers and tax subsidies in exchange for promising fiber optic broadband for the whole state.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New Jersey state government altered the deal in 2014 to allow Verizon to substitute wireless Internet access to fulfill its promise instead.<sup id="cite_ref-Brodkin_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brodkin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics pointed out that wireless Internet was slower and less reliable.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television">Television</h2></div>

<p>Fios TV is one of three services offered by Verizon Fios. Fios TV uses <a href="QAM" class="mw-redirect" title="QAM">QAM</a> technology to deliver signals to a customer's property using its fiber optic cables.<sup id="cite_ref-Drawbaugh09_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drawbaugh09-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the home, the optical network terminal turns the signal into a <a href="Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequency</a> signal that can be used on a home's existing <a href="Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">coaxial cables</a>, feeding the signal to a <a href="Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top box</a> (STB).<sup id="cite_ref-Drawbaugh09_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drawbaugh09-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet">Internet</h2></div>

<p>Fios Internet was the first service offered under Verizon's Fios brand, and is one of three of the product line's current offerings. The broadband Internet service initially launched in Keller, Texas, in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-Charney04_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charney04-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a year before Fios TV was available.<sup id="cite_ref-ReardonSept05_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReardonSept05-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Telephone">Telephone</h2></div>

<p>In addition to its TV and Internet services, the company also has a <a href="Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">voice over IP</a> service via its fiber-optic network, Fios Digital Voice. The service initially launched in Virginia and Maryland in September 2008 and eventually fully replaced an earlier service, VoiceWing, which Verizon offered from 2004 to early 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Bode08_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bode08-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>While Verizon also offers <a href="Plain_old_telephone_service" title="Plain old telephone service">plain old telephone service</a> (POTS), it has been reported in various markets that Verizon physically disconnected the copper lines for copper-line phone service at the time that Fios was installed.<sup id="cite_ref-Yao07_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yao07-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2></div>

<p>On March 13, 2017, Verizon was sued by the City of New York for numerous violations of its agreements with the city, which required the provider to pass a fiber-optic network in "underground conduit, along above-ground utility poles, or otherwise—in front of (or behind) each residential building" in the city by June 30, 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-ars-verizonnyclawsuit_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars-verizonnyclawsuit-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to provide access to officials in their deployment database within thirty days.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the lawsuit before the <a href="New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a>, The city identified approximately one million households that were not yet served by the network, including a larger number of outstanding requests than those claimed by Verizon, along with allegations that Verizon refused to install Fios in certain areas, that it routinely failed to make service available to "tens of thousands" of customers within the time it had agreed to, that it required <a href="Multi-family_residential" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-family residential">multi-family residential</a> units to enter into bulk purchases or exclusivity deals to receive service promptly or at all, a violation of <a href="Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">FCC</a> policy.<sup id="cite_ref-ars-verizonnyclawsuit_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars-verizonnyclawsuit-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>According to several property managers, Verizon refused to meet its obligations unless they entered into such deals. One additionally claimed Verizon had doubled their price per apartment unit within two years. City officials found that in the case of 37% of the properties examined, Verizon failed to meet its obligations per the agreement. Critics argued that such exclusive deals could negatively impact consumers by reducing their choices and hindering the growth of broadband access in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In response, Verizon claimed it would reinforce its policies with employees to ensure this would not be an issue moving forward and questioned the investigation's integrity, although the company was never afforded the opportunity to respond to the allegations.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In November 2020, Verizon settled the lawsuit with New York City, whereby the company agreed to bring Fios to 500,000 households in the city. Verizon was required to target its fiber upgrades in low-income areas, including parts of the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens. Verizon also claimed that they would be required to make paid resident service available usually within seven days. In the settlement, Verizon did not admit wrongdoing.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carriage_disputes">Carriage disputes</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Weather_Channel_carriage_dispute">The Weather Channel carriage dispute</h4></div>

<p>On March 10, 2015, at midnight EDT, <a href="The_Weather_Channel" title="The Weather Channel">The Weather Channel</a> and its sister network, <a href="Weatherscan" title="Weatherscan">Weatherscan</a>, were pulled from Verizon Fios after the two parties were unable to come to terms on a new <a href="Carriage_dispute" title="Carriage dispute">carriage</a> agreement. The services have respectively been replaced by the <a href="AccuWeather_Network" title="AccuWeather Network">AccuWeather Network</a> (which launched on March 13) and a <a href="Software_widget" title="Software widget">widget</a> provided by Fios featuring forecast content provided by <a href="WeatherBug" title="WeatherBug">WeatherBug</a>. No public announcement was made regarding the removal until over 12 hours after TWC and Weatherscan were pulled.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Weather Channel offered a less expensive deal to Verizon Fios, which rejected the offer. Verizon cited the wide availability of the Internet and mobile apps for consumers to access weather content any time of day as the reason for dropping TWC and its services.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The Weather Channel had earlier signed renewal agreements with major providers that are members of the National Cable Television Cooperative (NCTC), including <a href="Time_Warner_Cable" title="Time Warner Cable">Time Warner Cable</a> and <a href="Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a>. While Verizon claimed it was a long-term business decision (instead of a carriage dispute), The Weather Channel launched a campaign to urge viewers to contact Fios about restoring the cable channel and its services.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>It was announced on June 19, 2019, that The Weather Channel would return to Fios carriage beginning June 24, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ESPN_lawsuit">ESPN lawsuit</h4></div>

<p>In April 2015, <a href="ESPN_Inc." title="ESPN Inc.">ESPN Inc.</a> sued Verizon for breaching its carriage contract by offering <a href="ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> and <a href="ESPN2" title="ESPN2">ESPN2</a> as part of a separate sports package under its new "Custom TV" service. ESPN's contract requires the two networks to be part of the basic service.<sup id="cite_ref-verge-fiosespn_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verge-fiosespn-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Verizon and ESPN reached a deal in May 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Kludt16_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kludt16-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terms of the deal were not made public.<sup id="cite_ref-Kludt16_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kludt16-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cablevision_lawsuit">Cablevision lawsuit</h4></div>

<p>On May 19, 2015, <a href="Cablevision" title="Cablevision">Cablevision</a> sued Verizon in the Southern District of New York to challenge Verizon's claim that it is 100 percent fiber-based. Cablevision started an advertising campaign to take the case mainstream.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two companies agreed to end the dispute in September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Baumgartner15_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baumgartner15-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terms of the deal were not disclosed at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Baumgartner15_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baumgartner15-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_multiple-system_operators" title="List of multiple-system operators">List of multiple-system operators</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</li>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/verizon-winds-down-expensive-fios-expansion-2010-3">"Verizon Is Wrapping Up Its FiOS Expansion"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Wood-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wood_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wood_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWood2014" class="citation cs2">Wood, Sam (March 14, 2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philly.com/philly/business/Will_Verizon_be_allowed_to_break_its_FiOS_promise_to_New_Jersey.html">"Will Verizon be allowed to break its FiOS promise to New Jersey?"</a>, <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2016</span></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Brodkin-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brodkin_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrodkin2015" class="citation web cs1">Brodkin, Jon (June 9, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161216055131/http://arstechnica.com/business/2015/06/22-years-after-verizon-fiber-promise-millions-have-only-dsl-or-wireless/">"22 years after Verizon fiber promise, millions have only DSL or wireless"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i>. Condé Nast. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/business/2015/06/22-years-after-verizon-fiber-promise-millions-have-only-dsl-or-wireless/">the original</a> on December 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Drawbaugh09-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Drawbaugh09_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drawbaugh09_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDrawbaugh2009" class="citation news cs1">Drawbaugh, Ben (December 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2009/12/17/an-inside-look-at-a-verizon-fios-super-headend-and-video-hub/">"An inside look at a Veriozn Fios super headend and video hub"</a>. <i><a href="Engadget" title="Engadget">Engadget</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Charney04-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Charney04_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCharney2004" class="citation news cs1">Charney, Ben (July 19, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/verizons-fiber-race-is-on/">"Verizon's fiber race is on"</a>. <i><a href="CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-ReardonSept05-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReardonSept05_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFReardon2005" class="citation news cs1">Reardon, Marguerite (September 22, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/verizon-switches-on-tv-service/">"Verizon switches on TV service"</a>. <i><a href="CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Bode08-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bode08_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKarl_Bode2008" class="citation web cs1">Karl Bode (December 12, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/Here-Comes-FiOS-Digital-Voice-99652">"Here comes Fios Digital Voice"</a>. DSLReports.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-ars-verizonnyclawsuit-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ars-verizonnyclawsuit_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars-verizonnyclawsuit_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/nyc-sues-verizon-alleges-failure-to-complete-citywide-fiber-rollout/">"1 million NYC homes can't get Verizon FiOS, so the city just sued Verizon"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i>. March 13, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-auto2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/press/exhibitions/2000/metropolitan-museum-launches-new-and-expanded-web-site">"Metropolitan Museum Launches New and Expanded Web Site"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161128201035/https://www.metmuseum.org/press/exhibitions/2000/metropolitan-museum-launches-new-and-expanded-web-site">Archived</a> November 28, 2016, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, press release, The Met, January 25, 2000.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrodkin2020" class="citation web cs1">Brodkin, Joe (November 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/11/verizon-wiring-up-500k-homes-with-fios-to-settle-years-long-fight-with-nyc/#:~:text=New%20York%20City%20sued%20Verizon,of%20NYC%27s%203.1%20million%20households">"Verizon wiring up 500K homes with FiOS to settle years-long fight with NYC"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFYvonne_Villarreal2015" class="citation news cs1">Yvonne Villarreal (March 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-verizon-fios-drops-the-weather-channel-20150311-story.html">"Verizon Fios drops the Weather Channel"</a>. <i><a href="Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrian_Stelter2015" class="citation news cs1"><a href="Brian_Stelter" title="Brian Stelter">Brian Stelter</a> (March 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2015/03/10/media/weather-channel-verizon-fios/">"Verizon Fios drops the Weather Channel"</a>. <i><a href="CNN_Money" class="mw-redirect" title="CNN Money">CNN Money</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBeatrice_Verhoeven2015" class="citation web cs1">Beatrice Verhoeven (March 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/accuweather-launches-first-national-weather-781344">"AccuWeather Launches Its First National Weather Channel"</a>. <i><a href="The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Yu2015" class="citation news cs1">Roger Yu (March 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2015/03/10/verizon-fios-drops-weather-channel/24728747/">"Verizon Fios drops Weather Channel over contract"</a>. <i><a href="USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315051339/http://www.keeptheweatherchannel.com/statement">"Verizon Fios drops The Weather Channel – Our Statement"</a>. <i>The Weather Channel</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keeptheweatherchannel.com/statement">the original</a> on March 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTony_McNary2019" class="citation web cs1">Tony McNary (June 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verizon.com/about/news/verizon-fios-tv-weather-channel-starting-june-24?AID=11365093&SID=82462X1534127X14d2a818554259360c93bd2d63d4f7d2&vendorid=CJM&PUBID=100036655&cjevent=774c682d50f511eb807400550a1c0e12&cjdata=MXxOfDB8WXww">"Verizon Fios TV customers can enjoy The Weather Channel starting June 24"</a>. <i>Verizon</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-verge-fiosespn-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-verge-fiosespn_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/4/27/8503427/espn-sues-verizon-cable-bundles-contract">"ESPN sues Verizon over its plan to create slim bundles of cable channels"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>. April 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Baumgartner15-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baumgartner15_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baumgartner15_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBaumgartner2015" class="citation news cs1">Baumgartner, Jeff (October 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807125114/http://www.multichannel.com/news/distribution/cablevision-verizon-end-ad-dispute/394254">"Cablevision, Verizon reach deal in internet false ad row"</a>. <i>Multichannel News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.multichannel.com/news/distribution/cablevision-verizon-end-ad-dispute/394254">the original</a> on August 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Marsan, C. D. (2008). Verizon Fios tech heading to enterprises; Claims new high-speed optical networks slash floor space, electricity needs. <i>Network World, (1)</i>. Retrieved March 8, 2009.</li>

<li>Searcey, D. (2006). Telecommunications; Beyond Cable; Beyond DSL: Fiber-optic lines offer connection speeds up to 50 times faster than traditional services; Here's what early users have to say. <i><a href="The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>, (R9)</i>. Retrieved March 7, 2009.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:FiOS" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:FiOS">FiOS</a></span>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verizon.com/fios">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Verizon391" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Verizon" title="Verizon"><span style="color:white;">Verizon</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Lowell_McAdam" title="Lowell McAdam">Lowell McAdam</a> (Chairman)</li>

<li><a href="Hans_Vestberg" title="Hans Vestberg">Hans Vestberg</a> (CEO)</li>

<li><a href="Shellye_Archambeau" title="Shellye Archambeau">Shellye Archambeau</a></li>

<li><a href="Mark_Bertolini" title="Mark Bertolini">Mark Bertolini</a></li>

<li><a href="Richard_Carri%C3%B3n" title="Richard Carrión">Richard Carrión</a></li>

<li><a href="Melanie_Healey" title="Melanie Healey">Melanie Healey</a></li>

<li>M. Frances Keeth</li>

<li><a href="Karl-Ludwig_Kley" title="Karl-Ludwig Kley">Karl-Ludwig Kley</a></li>

<li><a href="Clarence_Otis%2C_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Clarence Otis, Jr.">Clarence Otis, Jr.</a></li>

<li><a href="Rodney_E._Slater" title="Rodney E. Slater">Rodney E. Slater</a></li>

<li>Kathryn Tesija</li>

<li><a href="Gregory_Wasson" title="Gregory Wasson">Gregory Wasson</a></li>

<li>Gregory G. Weaver</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Telecom services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Verizon_Business" title="Verizon Business">Verizon Business</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_High_Speed_Internet" title="Verizon High Speed Internet">Verizon High Speed Internet</a> & </li>

<li><a href="Verizon_(wireless_service)" title="Verizon (wireless service)">Verizon Wireless</a>

<ul><li><a href="Visible_(wireless_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Visible (wireless service)">Visible</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless" title="TracFone Wireless">TracFone</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Local telephone companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Verizon_Delaware" title="Verizon Delaware">Verizon Delaware</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_Maryland" title="Verizon Maryland">Verizon Maryland</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_North" title="Verizon North">Verizon North</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_New_England" title="Verizon New England">Verizon New England</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_New_Jersey" title="Verizon New Jersey">Verizon New Jersey</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_New_York" title="Verizon New York">Verizon New York</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_Pennsylvania" title="Verizon Pennsylvania">Verizon Pennsylvania</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_South" title="Verizon South">Verizon South</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_Washington%2C_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Washington, DC">Verizon Washington, DC</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Virginia">Verizon Virginia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Tech companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Verizon_Connect" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Connect">Verizon Connect</a>

<ul><li><a href="Verizon_Hum" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Hum">Verizon Hum</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Acquired companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="BlueJeans" title="BlueJeans">BlueJeans</a></li>

<li><a href="NYNEX" title="NYNEX">NYNEX</a></li>

<li><a href="XO_Communications" title="XO Communications">XO Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless" title="TracFone Wireless">TracFone Wireless</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Other assets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Empire_City_Subway" title="Empire City Subway">Empire City Subway</a></li>

<li><a href="Terremark" title="Terremark">Terremark</a></li>

<li><a href="Yahoo_(2017%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo (2017–present)">Yahoo Inc.</a> (10%)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Litigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Verizon_Communications_Inc._v._FCC_(2002)" title="Verizon Communications Inc. v. FCC (2002)">Verizon Communications Inc. v. FCC</a></i> (2002)</li>

<li><i><a href="Verizon_Communications_Inc._v._Law_Offices_of_Curtis_V._Trinko%2C_LLP" title="Verizon Communications Inc. v. Law Offices of Curtis V. Trinko, LLP">Verizon Communications Inc. v. Law Offices of Curtis V. Trinko, LLP</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="Bell_Atlantic_Corp._v._Twombly" title="Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly">Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly</a></i> (2007)</li>

<li><i><a href="Verizon_Communications_Inc._v._FCC_(2014)" title="Verizon Communications Inc. v. FCC (2014)">Verizon Communications Inc. v. FCC</a></i> (2014)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#cd040b; color:#FFFFFF;"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Verizon" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Verizon">Commons</a></b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px">

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Internet_service_providers_of_the_United_States222" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Internet_service_providers_of_the_United_States222" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">Internet service providers of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="Cable_Internet_access" title="Cable Internet access">Cable ISP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adams_Cable" title="Adams Cable">Adams Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Altice_USA" title="Altice USA">Altice USA</a></li>

<li><a href="Armstrong_Group_of_Companies" title="Armstrong Group of Companies">Armstrong</a></li>

<li><a href="Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue_Ridge_Communications" title="Blue Ridge Communications">Blue Ridge Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue_Stream_(company)" title="Blue Stream (company)">Blue Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Breezeline" title="Breezeline">Breezeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Broadstripe" title="Broadstripe">Broadstripe</a></li>

<li><a href="Buckeye_Broadband" title="Buckeye Broadband">Buckeye Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Cable_One" title="Cable One">Cable One</a></li>

<li><a href="Spectrum_(brand)" title="Spectrum (brand)">Charter Spectrum</a></li>

<li><a href="Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Docomo_Pacific" title="Docomo Pacific">Docomo Pacific</a></li>

<li><a href="Emery_Telcom" title="Emery Telcom">Emery Telcom</a></li>

<li><a href="Full_Channel" title="Full Channel">Full Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Hargray" title="Hargray">Hargray</a></li>

<li><a href="Mediacom" title="Mediacom">Mediacom</a></li>

<li><a href="Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li>

<li><a href="Northland_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Northland Communications">Northland Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="OneLink_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="OneLink Communications">OneLink Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Satview_Broadband" title="Satview Broadband">Satview Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Service_Electric" title="Service Electric">Service Electric</a></li>

<li><a href="Shentel" title="Shentel">Shentel</a></li>

<li><a href="SRT_Communications" title="SRT Communications">SRT Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="TruVista_Communications" title="TruVista Communications">TruVista Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Xfinity" title="Xfinity">Xfinity</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="Fiber_to_the_x" title="Fiber to the x">Fiber ISP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Altafiber" title="Altafiber">Altafiber</a>

<ul><li><a href="Hawaiian_Telcom" title="Hawaiian Telcom">Hawaiian Telcom</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="AT%26T_Fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Fiber">AT&T Fiber</a></li>

<li><a href="Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro</a></li>

<li><a href="Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Frontier_Fiber" title="Frontier Fiber">Frontier Fiber</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Fiber" title="Google Fiber">Google Fiber</a></li>

<li><a href="Greenlight_Networks" title="Greenlight Networks">Greenlight Networks</a></li>

<li><a href="GTA_Teleguam" title="GTA Teleguam">GTA Teleguam</a></li>

<li><a href="Lumen_Technologies" title="Lumen Technologies">Lumen Technologies</a></li>

<li><a href="Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li>

<li><a href="NEP_Telephone" title="NEP Telephone">NEP Telephone</a></li>

<li><a href="Phonoscope_Communications" title="Phonoscope Communications">Phonoscope Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Sonic.net" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonic.net">Sonic.net</a></li>

<li><a href="Stealth_Communications" title="Stealth Communications">Stealth Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="Windstream_Holdings" title="Windstream Holdings">Windstream</a></li>

<li><a href="Ziply_Fiber" title="Ziply Fiber">Ziply Fiber</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="DSL" class="mw-redirect" title="DSL">Copper / DSL ISP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="AT%26T_Internet" title="AT&T Internet">AT&T Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="CenturyLink" class="mw-redirect" title="CenturyLink">CenturyLink</a></li>

<li><a href="Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="EarthLink" title="EarthLink">EarthLink</a></li>

<li><a href="Frontier_Communications" title="Frontier Communications">Frontier Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_High_Speed_Internet" title="Verizon High Speed Internet">Verizon</a></li>

<li><a href="Windstream_Holdings" title="Windstream Holdings">Windstream</a></li>

<li><a href="Ziply_Fiber" title="Ziply Fiber">Ziply Fiber</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Satellite ISP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hughes_Network_Systems" title="Hughes Network Systems">HughsNet</a></li>

<li><a href="Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></li>

<li><a href="Viasat_(American_company)" title="Viasat (American company)">Viasat</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct ISP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Boston_CitiNet" title="Boston CitiNet">Boston CitiNet</a></li>

<li><a href="ATMNet" title="ATMNet">ATMNet</a></li>

<li><a href="Prodigy_(online_service)" title="Prodigy (online service)">Prodigy</a></li>

<li><a href="Texas.net" title="Texas.net">Texas.net</a></li>

<li><a href="WorldWide_Access" title="WorldWide Access">WorldWide Access</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cable,_satellite,_and_other_specialty_television_providers_(multi-channel_video_programming_distributors)_in_the_United_States669" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cable,_satellite,_and_other_specialty_television_providers_(multi-channel_video_programming_distributors)_in_the_United_States669" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cable, satellite, and other specialty television providers (<a href="Multichannel_television_in_the_United_States" title="Multichannel television in the United States">multi-channel video programming distributors</a>) in the <a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cable_television_in_the_United_States" title="Cable television in the United States">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adams_Cable" title="Adams Cable">Adams Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Altice_USA" title="Altice USA">Altice USA</a>

<ul><li><a href="Optimum_(brand)" title="Optimum (brand)">Optimum</a></li>

<li><a href="Suddenlink_Communications" title="Suddenlink Communications">Suddenlink Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Service_Electric" title="Service Electric">Service Electric</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Armstrong_Group_of_Companies" title="Armstrong Group of Companies">Armstrong</a></li>

<li><a href="Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a>

<ul><li><a href="Grande_Communications" title="Grande Communications">Grande Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="RCN_Corporation" title="RCN Corporation">RCN Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Wave_Broadband" title="Wave Broadband">Wave Broadband</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="AT%26T_Alascom" title="AT&T Alascom">AT&T Alascom</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue_Ridge_Communications" title="Blue Ridge Communications">Blue Ridge Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue_Stream_(company)" title="Blue Stream (company)">Blue Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Breezeline" title="Breezeline">Breezeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Broadstripe" title="Broadstripe">Broadstripe</a></li>

<li><a href="Buckeye_Broadband" title="Buckeye Broadband">Buckeye Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Cable_One" title="Cable One">Cable One</a>

<ul><li><a href="Hargray" title="Hargray">Hargray</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Xfinity" title="Xfinity">Comcast Xfinity</a></li>

<li><a href="Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Docomo_Pacific" title="Docomo Pacific">Docomo Pacific</a></li>

<li><a href="Emery_Telcom" title="Emery Telcom">Emery Telcom</a></li>

<li><a href="Full_Channel" title="Full Channel">Full Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Mediacom" title="Mediacom">Mediacom</a></li>

<li><a href="Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li>

<li><a href="Northland_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Northland Communications">Northland Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Liberty_Puerto_Rico" title="Liberty Puerto Rico">Liberty Puerto Rico</a></li>

<li><a href="Satview_Broadband" title="Satview Broadband">Satview Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Shentel" title="Shentel">Shentel</a></li>

<li><a href="Spectrum_(brand)" title="Spectrum (brand)">Spectrum</a></li>

<li><a href="SRT_Communications" title="SRT Communications">SRT Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li>

<li>Troy Cablevision</li>

<li><a href="TruVista_Communications" title="TruVista Communications">TruVista Communications</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Satellite_television_in_the_United_States" title="Satellite television in the United States">Satellite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro Puerto Rico</a></li>

<li><a href="Dish_Network" title="Dish Network">Dish Network</a></li>

<li><a href="DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Glorystar" title="Glorystar">Glorystar</a></li>

<li><a href="Headend_in_the_Sky" title="Headend in the Sky">Headend in the Sky</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fiber_to_the_x" title="Fiber to the x">Fiber</a><br>/ <a href="IPTV" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTV">IPTV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cincinnati_Bell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Bell">Cincinnati Bell Fioptics</a></li>

<li><a href="Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro</a></li>

<li><a href="Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Frontier_FiberOptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Frontier FiberOptic">Frontier FiberOptic</a></li>

<li><a href="GTA_Teleguam" title="GTA Teleguam">GTA Teleguam</a></li>

<li><a href="Hawaiian_Telcom" title="Hawaiian Telcom">Hawaiian Telcom</a></li>

<li><a href="Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li>

<li><a href="NEP_Telephone" title="NEP Telephone">NEP Datastream TV</a></li>

<li><a href="North_State_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="North State Communications">North State Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Sonic_(ISP)" title="Sonic (ISP)">Sonic.net</a></li>

<li><a href="TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="Whidbey_Telecom" title="Whidbey Telecom">Whidbey Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="Windstream_Holdings" title="Windstream Holdings">Windstream Kinetic</a></li>

<li><a href="Ziply_Fiber" title="Ziply Fiber">Ziply Fiber</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Multichannel_television_in_the_United_States#Virtual_MVPD,_TV_Everywhere,_and_over-the-top_media_services" title="Multichannel television in the United States">Virtual<br>MVPD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DirecTV_Stream" title="DirecTV Stream">DirecTV Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Frndly_TV" title="Frndly TV">Frndly TV</a></li>

<li><a href="FuboTV" title="FuboTV">FuboTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a></li>

<li><a href="Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Spectrum_TV_Stream" title="Spectrum TV Stream">Spectrum TV Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Xfinity_Flex" title="Xfinity Flex">Xfinity Flex</a></li>

<li><a href="YouTube_TV" title="YouTube TV">YouTube TV</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">Over-<br>the-top<br>VOD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="A%26E_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Networks">A&E Networks</a>

<ul><li><a href="A%26E_Crime_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Crime Central">Crime Central</a></li>

<li><a href="History_(American_TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (American TV network)">History Vault</a></li>

<li><a href="Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime Movie Club</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>

<ul><li><a href="Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a></li>

<li><a href="Amazon_Freevee" title="Amazon Freevee">Freevee</a></li>

<li><a href="ScreenPix" class="mw-redirect" title="ScreenPix">ScreenPix</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="AMC_Networks" title="AMC Networks">AMC Networks</a>

<ul><li><a href="Acorn_TV" title="Acorn TV">Acorn TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Hidive" title="Hidive">Hidive</a></li>

<li><a href="IFC_Films" class="mw-redirect" title="IFC Films">IFC Films Unlimited</a></li>

<li><a href="Shudder_(streaming_service)" title="Shudder (streaming service)">Shudder</a></li>

<li><a href="Sundance_TV" title="Sundance TV">Sundance Now</a></li>

<li><a href="Allblk" title="Allblk">Allblk</a></li>

<li><a href="Angel_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Angel Studios">Angel Studios</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_TV%2B" title="Apple TV+">Apple TV+</a></li>

<li><a href="BritBox" title="BritBox">BritBox</a></li>

<li><a href="Bounce_TV#Brown_Sugar" title="Bounce TV">Brown Sugar</a></li>

<li><a href="BroadwayHD" title="BroadwayHD">BroadwayHD</a></li>

<li><a href="Cineverse" title="Cineverse">Cineverse</a>

<ul><li><a href="CONtv" title="CONtv">CONtv</a></li>

<li><a href="Docurama" title="Docurama">Docurama</a></li>

<li><a href="Dove_Channel_(streaming_service)" title="Dove Channel (streaming service)">Dove Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Fandor" title="Fandor">Fandor</a></li>

<li><a href="Screambox" class="mw-redirect" title="Screambox">Screambox</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="The_Criterion_Collection" title="The Criterion Collection">The Criterion Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Curiosity_Stream" title="Curiosity Stream">Curiosity Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Dekkoo" title="Dekkoo">Dekkoo</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a>

<ul><li><a href="Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a></li>

<li><a href="DOGTV" title="DOGTV">DOGTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Dropout_(media_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dropout (media company)">Dropout</a></li>

<li><a href="Facebook_Watch" title="Facebook Watch">Facebook Watch</a></li>

<li><a href="FilmRise" title="FilmRise">FilmRise</a></li>

<li><a href="Fox_Corporation" title="Fox Corporation">Fox Corporation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Fox_Nation" title="Fox Nation">Fox Nation</a></li>

<li><a href="Hallmark%2B" title="Hallmark+">Hallmark+</a></li>

<li><a href="Kino_Lorber" title="Kino Lorber">Kino Lorber</a>

<ul><li><a href="MHz_Networks#MHz_Choice" title="MHz Networks">MHz Choice</a></li>

<li>Kino Film Collection</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Kocowa" title="Kocowa">Kocowa</a></li>

<li><a href="Local_Now" title="Local Now">Local Now</a></li>

<li><a href="Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a></li>

<li><a href="NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a>

<ul><li><a href="Peacock_(streaming_service)" title="Peacock (streaming service)">Peacock</a></li>

<li><a href="Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a>

<li><a href="Paramount%2B" title="Paramount+">Paramount+</a></li>

<li><a href="Noggin_(brand)" title="Noggin (brand)">Noggin</a></li>

<li><a href="Pluto_TV" title="Pluto TV">Pluto TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Racetrack_Television_Network" title="Racetrack Television Network">Racetrack Television Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Redbox" title="Redbox">Redbox</a></li>

<li><a href="Revry" title="Revry">Revry</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Roku_Channel" title="The Roku Channel">Roku Channel</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Samsung_TV_Plus" title="Samsung TV Plus">Samsung TV Plus</a></li>

<li><a href="Shout!_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Shout! Factory">Shout! Factory TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Starz" title="Starz">Starz</a></li>

<li><a href="Stirr" title="Stirr">Stirr</a></li>

<li><a href="TelevisaUnivision_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="TelevisaUnivision (United States)">Univision</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pantaya" title="Pantaya">Pantaya</a></li>

<li><a href="TelevisaUnivision_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="TelevisaUnivision (United States)">Univision NOW</a></li>

<li><a href="Tivo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tivo">Tivo Stream 4k</a></li>

<li><a href="First_Look_Media" title="First Look Media">Topic</a></li>

<li><a href="UFC_Fight_Pass" title="UFC Fight Pass">UFC Fight Pass</a></li>

<li><a href="Viaplay" title="Viaplay">Viaplay</a></li>

<li><a href="Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a>

<ul><li><a href="Boomerang_(TV_network)" title="Boomerang (TV network)">Boomerang</a></li>

<li><a href="Cinemax" title="Cinemax">Cinemax</a></li>

<li><a href="Discovery%2B" title="Discovery+">Discovery+</a></li>

<li><a href="Food_Network" title="Food Network">Food Network Kitchen</a></li>

<li><a href="Rooster_Teeth" title="Rooster Teeth">Rooster Teeth</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="WOW_Presents_Plus" title="WOW Presents Plus">WOW Presents Plus</a></li>

<li><a href="WWE_Network" title="WWE Network">WWE Network</a></li>

<li><a href="YuppTV" title="YuppTV">YuppTV</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adelphia_Communications_Corporation" title="Adelphia Communications Corporation">Adelphia Communications Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Alameda_Municipal_Power" title="Alameda Municipal Power">Alameda Power and Telecom</a></li>

<li><a href="Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="AT%26T_Broadband" title="AT&T Broadband">AT&T Broadband</a>

<ul><li><a href="MediaOne" title="MediaOne">MediaOne/Continental Cablevision</a></li>

<li><a href="Tele-Communications_Inc." title="Tele-Communications Inc.">Tele-Communications Inc.</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Baja_Broadband" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja Broadband">Baja Broadband</a>

<ul><li><a href="US_Cable" title="US Cable">US Cable</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bresnan_Communications" title="Bresnan Communications">Bresnan Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Bright_House_Networks" title="Bright House Networks">Bright House Networks</a></li>

<li><a href="Cablevision" title="Cablevision">Cablevision</a></li>

<li><a href="Champion_Broadband" title="Champion Broadband">Champion Broadband</a></li>

<li><a href="Chicken_Soup_for_the_Soul_Entertainment" title="Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment">Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment</a>

<ul><li><a href="Crackle_(service)" title="Crackle (service)">Crackle</a></li>

<li><a href="Popcornflix" title="Popcornflix">Popcornflix</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cobridge_Communications" title="Cobridge Communications">Cobridge Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Community_Home_Entertainment" title="Community Home Entertainment">Community Home Entertainment</a></li>

<li><a href="FairPoint_Communications" title="FairPoint Communications">FairPoint Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Graceba_Total_Communications" title="Graceba Total Communications">Graceba Total Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Insight_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Insight Communications">Insight Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Jones_Intercable" title="Jones Intercable">Jones Intercable</a></li>

<li><a href="King_Videocable" title="King Videocable">King Videocable</a></li>

<li><a href="Knology" class="mw-redirect" title="Knology">Knology</a></li>

<li><a href="Marcus_Cable" title="Marcus Cable">Marcus Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="News-Press_%26_Gazette_Company#Cable_operations" title="News-Press & Gazette Company">NPG Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Paragon_Cable" title="Paragon Cable">Paragon Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapid_Communications" title="Rapid Communications">Rapid Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="TelePrompTer_Corporation" title="TelePrompTer Corporation">TelePrompTer/Group W Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Time_Warner_Cable" title="Time Warner Cable">Time Warner Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="UA-Columbia_Cablevision" title="UA-Columbia Cablevision">UA-Columbia Cablevision</a></li>

<li><a href="Windjammer_Communications" title="Windjammer Communications">Windjammer Communications</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AlphaStar_(satellite_broadcasting_service)" title="AlphaStar (satellite broadcasting service)">AlphaStar</a></li>

<li><a href="GlobeCast_World_TV" title="GlobeCast World TV">GlobeCast World TV</a></li>

<li><a href="PrimeStar" title="PrimeStar">PrimeStar</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States_Satellite_Broadcasting" title="United States Satellite Broadcasting">United States Satellite Broadcasting</a></li>

<li><a href="Voom_HD_Networks" title="Voom HD Networks">Voom HD Networks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IPTV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AT%26T_U-verse" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T U-verse">AT&T U-verse</a></li>

<li><a href="Lumen_Technologies" title="Lumen Technologies">Lumen</a> <a href="Prism_TV" title="Prism TV">Prism TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Fiber" title="Google Fiber">Google Fiber TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Sky_Angel" title="Sky Angel">Sky Angel</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_Digital_Cable" title="Virtual Digital Cable">Virtual Digital Cable</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terrestrial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="USDTV" title="USDTV">USDTV</a></li>

<li><a href="MovieBeam" title="MovieBeam">MovieBeam</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virtual MVPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aereo" title="Aereo">Aereo</a></li>

<li><a href="HDHomeRun#HDHomeRum_Premium_TV" title="HDHomeRun">HD HomeRun Premium TV</a></li>

<li><a href="LocalBTV" title="LocalBTV">LocalBTV</a></li>

<li><a href="Locast" title="Locast">Locast</a></li>

<li><a href="T-Mobile_US#TVision" title="T-Mobile US">TVision Live TV+</a></li>

<li><a href="PlayStation_Vue" title="PlayStation Vue">PlayStation Vue</a></li>

<li><a href="Vidgo" title="Vidgo">Vidgo</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Over-the-top</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anime_Network" title="Anime Network">Anime Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Comedy_Central" title="Comedy Central">Comedy Central Now</a></li>

<li><a href="DC_Universe_(streaming_service)" title="DC Universe (streaming service)">DC Universe</a></li>

<li><a href="DramaFever" title="DramaFever">DramaFever</a></li>

<li><a href="FilmStruck" title="FilmStruck">FilmStruck</a></li>

<li><a href="Funimation" title="Funimation">Funimation</a></li>

<li><a href="Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">NickHits</a></li>

<li><a href="Quibi" title="Quibi">Quibi</a></li>

<li><a href="Seeso" title="Seeso">Seeso</a></li>

<li><a href="Smithsonian_Channel" title="Smithsonian Channel">Smithsonian Channel Plus</a></li>

<li><a href="SnagFilms" title="SnagFilms">SnagFilms</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Additional_resources_on_North_American_television87" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Additional resources on North American television</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>List of local television stations in North America</li>

<li>DTV transition</li>

<li>North American TV mini-template</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Canadian networks</li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_television_networks" title="List of Canadian television networks">List of Canadian television networks</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_television_channels" title="List of Canadian television channels">List of Canadian television channels</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_specialty_channels" title="List of Canadian specialty channels">List of Canadian specialty channels</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_television_stations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian television stations">Local Canadian TV stations</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_United_States_stations_available_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States stations available in Canada">List of United States stations available in Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="2001_Vancouver_TV_realignment" title="2001 Vancouver TV realignment">2001 Vancouver TV realignment</a></li>

<li><a href="2007_Canada_broadcast_TV_realignment" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Canada broadcast TV realignment">2007 Canada broadcast TV realignment</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Mexican networks</li>

<li><a href="List_of_television_stations_in_Mexico" title="List of television stations in Mexico">Local Mexican TV stations</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>American networks</li>

<li><a href="List_of_United_States_cable_and_satellite_television_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States cable and satellite television channels">List of American cable and satellite networks</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_United_States_over-the-air_television_networks" title="List of United States over-the-air television networks">List of American over-the-air networks</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_television_stations_in_the_United_States_by_call_sign_(initial_letter_W)" title="List of television stations in the United States by call sign (initial letter W)">Local American TV stations (W)</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_television_stations_in_the_United_States_by_call_sign_(initial_letter_K)" title="List of television stations in the United States by call sign (initial letter K)">Local American TV stations (K)</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Spanish-language_television_networks_in_the_United_States" title="List of Spanish-language television networks in the United States">Spanish-language TV networks</a></li>

<li><a href="1989_South_Florida_television_affiliation_switch" title="1989 South Florida television affiliation switch">1989 South Florida television affiliation switch</a></li>

<li><a href="1994%E2%80%931996_United_States_broadcast_television_realignment" title="1994–1996 United States broadcast television realignment">1994–1996 U.S. TV realignment</a></li>

<li><a href="2006_United_States_broadcast_television_realignment" title="2006 United States broadcast television realignment">2006 U.S. TV realignment</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Canadian_television_stations_available_in_the_United_States" title="List of Canadian television stations available in the United States">List of Canadian television stations available in the United States</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Middle East, Africa, Asia and Oceania</li>

<li>Americas</li>

<li>Europe</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wireless_communications_service_providers_in_the_United_States236" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Wireless_communications_service_providers_in_the_United_States236" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_mobile_network_operators_in_the_United_States" title="List of mobile network operators in the United States">Wireless communications service providers in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AT%26T_Mobility" title="AT&T Mobility">AT&T Mobility</a></li>

<li><a href="Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Mobile US</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_(wireless_service)" title="Verizon (wireless service)">Verizon</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ATN_International" title="ATN International">ATN International</a></li>

<li><a href="C_Spire" title="C Spire">C Spire</a></li>

<li><a href="Cellcom_(United_States)" title="Cellcom (United States)">Cellcom</a></li>

<li><a href="Cellular_One" title="Cellular One">Cellular One</a></li>

<li><a href="Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro Puerto Rico</a></li>

<li><a href="Docomo_Pacific" title="Docomo Pacific">Docomo Pacific</a></li>

<li><a href="GTA_Teleguam" title="GTA Teleguam">GTA Teleguam</a></li>

<li><a href="Liberty_Puerto_Rico" title="Liberty Puerto Rico">Liberty Puerto Rico</a></li>

<li><a href="Southern_Linc" title="Southern Linc">Southern Linc</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Wireless" title="United Wireless">United Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="U.S._Cellular" title="U.S. Cellular">U.S. Cellular</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mobile_virtual_network_operator" title="Mobile virtual network operator">MVNOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_mobile_virtual_network_operators_in_the_United_States" title="List of mobile virtual network operators in the United States">List of mobile virtual network operators in the United States</a></li></ul>

</div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prepaid_wireless_providers51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Prepaid_mobile_phone" title="Prepaid mobile phone">Prepaid wireless</a> providers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>AT&T Mobility

<ul><li><a href="AT%26T_Mobility#AT&T_Prepaid" title="AT&T Mobility">AT&T Prepaid</a></li>

<li><a href="Cricket_Wireless" title="Cricket Wireless">Cricket Wireless</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Boost Mobile

<ul><li><a href="Ting_Mobile" title="Ting Mobile">Ting Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="Gen_Mobile" title="Gen Mobile">Gen Mobile</a></li></ul></li>

<li>T-Mobile US

<ul><li><a href="Metro_by_T-Mobile" title="Metro by T-Mobile">Metro by T-Mobile</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Verizon

<ul><li><a href="TracFone_Wireless" title="TracFone Wireless">TracFone</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless#NET10_Wireless" title="TracFone Wireless">NET10 Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless#Straight_Talk" title="TracFone Wireless">Straight Talk</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless#GoSmart_Mobile" title="TracFone Wireless">GoSmart Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless#Simple_Mobile" title="TracFone Wireless">SIMPLE Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="TracFone_Wireless" title="TracFone Wireless">Total by Verizon</a></li>

<li><a href="Visible_by_Verizon" title="Visible by Verizon">Visible by Verizon</a></li>

<li><a href="Verizon_(wireless_service)" title="Verizon (wireless service)">Verizon Prepaid</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="font-size: 85%;">Defunct <br>operators</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Advanced_Mobile_Phone_Service" title="Advanced Mobile Phone Service">Advanced Mobile Phone Service</a></li>

<li><a href="AirTouch" title="AirTouch">AirTouch</a></li>

<li><a href="Alltel" title="Alltel">Alltel</a></li>

<li><a href="AT%26T_Wireless_Services" title="AT&T Wireless Services">AT&T Wireless Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Dobson_Cellular" title="Dobson Cellular">Dobson Cellular</a></li>

<li><a href="Edge_Wireless" title="Edge Wireless">Edge Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Element_Mobile" title="Element Mobile">Element Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="First_Cellular_of_Southern_Illinois" title="First Cellular of Southern Illinois">First Cellular of Southern Illinois</a></li>

<li><a href="Houston_Cellular" title="Houston Cellular">Houston Cellular</a></li>

<li><a href="Indigo_Wireless" title="Indigo Wireless">Indigo Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Midwest_Wireless" title="Midwest Wireless">Midwest Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Nextel" title="Nextel">Nextel</a></li>

<li><a href="Northcoast_PCS" title="Northcoast PCS">Northcoast PCS</a></li>

<li><a href="NTelos" title="NTelos">nTelos</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_Mobile" title="Open Mobile">Open Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="Pocket_Communications" title="Pocket Communications">Pocket Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Powertel_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Powertel (United States)">Powertel</a></li>

<li><a href="PrimeCo" title="PrimeCo">PrimeCo</a></li>

<li><a href="Revol_Wireless" title="Revol Wireless">Revol Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Rural_Cellular" title="Rural Cellular">Rural Cellular</a></li>

<li><a href="Shentel" title="Shentel">Shentel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sprint_Corporation" title="Sprint Corporation">Sprint Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="SunCom" title="SunCom">SunCom</a></li>

<li><a href="Unicel" title="Unicel">Unicel</a></li>

<li><a href="Upoc_Networks" title="Upoc Networks">Upoc Networks</a></li>

<li><a href="West_Central_Wireless" title="West Central Wireless">West Central Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_Wireless_Corporation" title="Western Wireless Corporation">Western Wireless Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Yahoo_Mobile" title="Yahoo Mobile">Yahoo Mobile</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications802" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Telecommunications802" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beacon#For_defensive_communications" title="Beacon">Beacon</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_broadcasting" title="History of broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li>

<li><a href="Cable_protection_system" title="Cable protection system">Cable protection system</a></li>

<li><a href="Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Communications_satellite#History" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_network#History" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a>

<ul><li><a href="Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio</a></li>

<li><a href="Image_compression" title="Image compression">image</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">video</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Digital_media" title="Digital media">Digital media</a>

<ul><li><a href="Internet_video" title="Internet video">Internet video</a></li>

<li><a href="Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">online video platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a></li>

<li><a href="Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Drums_in_communication" title="Drums in communication">Drums</a></li>

<li><a href="Edholm's_law" title="Edholm's law">Edholm's law</a></li>

<li><a href="Electrical_telegraph#History" title="Electrical telegraph">Electrical telegraph</a></li>

<li><a href="Heliograph#History" title="Heliograph">Heliographs</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydraulic_telegraph#Greek_hydraulic_semaphore_system" title="Hydraulic telegraph">Hydraulic telegraph</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Information revolution">Information revolution</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Mass_media#History" title="Mass media">Mass media</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">Mobile phone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Optical_communication" title="Optical communication">Optical telecommunication</a></li>

<li><a href="Optical_telegraph" title="Optical telegraph">Optical telegraphy</a></li>

<li><a href="Pager" title="Pager">Pager</a></li>

<li><a href="Photophone" title="Photophone">Photophone</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" title="History of prepaid mobile phones">Prepaid mobile phone</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_radio" title="History of radio">Radio</a></li>

<li><a href="Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">Radiotelephone</a></li>

<li><a href="Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Semaphore" title="Semaphore">Semaphore</a>

<ul><li><a href="Phryctoria" title="Phryctoria">Phryctoria</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a>

<ul><li><a href="Semiconductor_device" title="Semiconductor device">device</a></li>

<li><a href="MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_transistor" title="History of the transistor">transistor</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Smoke_signal" title="Smoke signal">Smoke signals</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">Telecommunications history</a></li>

<li><a href="Telautograph" title="Telautograph">Telautograph</a></li>

<li><a href="Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">Telegraphy</a></li>

<li><a href="Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">Teleprinter</a> (teletype)</li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_telephone" title="History of the telephone">Telephone</a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Telephone_Cases" title="The Telephone Cases">The Telephone Cases</a></i></li>

<li><a href="History_of_television" title="History of television">Television</a>

<ul><li><a href="Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital</a></li>

<li><a href="Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Submarine_communications_cable#Early_history:_telegraph_and_coaxial_cables" title="Submarine communications cable">Undersea telegraph line</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_videotelephony" title="History of videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li>

<li><a href="Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">Whistled language</a></li>

<li><a href="Wireless_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless revolution">Wireless revolution</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)">Nasir Ahmed</a></li>

<li><a href="Edwin_Howard_Armstrong" title="Edwin Howard Armstrong">Edwin Howard Armstrong</a></li>

<li><a href="Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Logie_Baird" title="John Logie Baird">John Logie Baird</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li>

<li><a href="Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></li>

<li><a href="Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li>

<li><a href="Francis_Blake_(inventor)" title="Francis Blake (inventor)">Francis Blake</a></li>

<li><a href="Jagadish_Chandra_Bose" title="Jagadish Chandra Bose">Jagadish Chandra Bose</a></li>

<li><a href="Charles_Bourseul" title="Charles Bourseul">Charles Bourseul</a></li>

<li><a href="Walter_Houser_Brattain" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a></li>

<li><a href="Claude_Chappe" title="Claude Chappe">Claude Chappe</a></li>

<li><a href="Yogen_Dalal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogen Dalal">Yogen Dalal</a></li>

<li><a href="Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li>

<li><a href="Daniel_Davis_Jr." title="Daniel Davis Jr.">Daniel Davis Jr.</a></li>

<li><a href="Amos_Dolbear" title="Amos Dolbear">Amos Dolbear</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a></li>

<li><a href="Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li>

<li><a href="Reginald_Fessenden" title="Reginald Fessenden">Reginald Fessenden</a></li>

<li><a href="Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a></li>

<li><a href="Elisha_Gray" title="Elisha Gray">Elisha Gray</a></li>

<li><a href="Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Oliver Heaviside</a></li>

<li><a href="Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Robert Hooke</a></li>

<li><a href="Erna_Schneider_Hoover" title="Erna Schneider Hoover">Erna Schneider Hoover</a></li>

<li><a href="Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)">Harold Hopkins</a></li>

<li><a href="Gardiner_Greene_Hubbard" title="Gardiner Greene Hubbard">Gardiner Greene Hubbard</a></li>

<li><a href="Dawon_Kahng" title="Dawon Kahng">Dawon Kahng</a></li>

<li><a href="Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li>

<li><a href="Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li>

<li><a href="Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a></li>

<li><a href="Roberto_Landell_de_Moura" title="Roberto Landell de Moura">Roberto Landell</a></li>

<li><a href="Innocenzo_Manzetti" title="Innocenzo Manzetti">Innocenzo Manzetti</a></li>

<li><a href="Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a></li>

<li><a href="Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a></li>

<li><a href="Antonio_Meucci" title="Antonio Meucci">Antonio Meucci</a></li>

<li><a href="Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a></li>

<li><a href="Jun-ichi_Nishizawa" title="Jun-ichi Nishizawa">Jun-ichi Nishizawa</a></li>

<li><a href="Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a></li>

<li><a href="Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexander_Stepanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Stepanovich Popov">Alexander Stepanovich Popov</a></li>

<li><a href="Tivadar_Pusk%C3%A1s" title="Tivadar Puskás">Tivadar Puskás</a></li>

<li><a href="Johann_Philipp_Reis" title="Johann Philipp Reis">Johann Philipp Reis</a></li>

<li><a href="Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li>

<li><a href="Almon_Brown_Strowger" title="Almon Brown Strowger">Almon Brown Strowger</a></li>

<li><a href="Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" title="Henry Sutton (inventor)">Henry Sutton</a></li>

<li><a href="Charles_Sumner_Tainter" title="Charles Sumner Tainter">Charles Sumner Tainter</a></li>

<li><a href="Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></li>

<li><a href="Camille_Tissot" title="Camille Tissot">Camille Tissot</a></li>

<li><a href="Alfred_Vail" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a></li>

<li><a href="Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Vladimir_K._Zworykin" title="Vladimir K. Zworykin">Vladimir K. Zworykin</a></li>

<li><i><a href="List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Transmission_medium" title="Transmission medium">Transmission<br>media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">Coaxial cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a>

<ul><li><a href="Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Free-space_optical_communication" title="Free-space optical communication">Free-space optical communication</a></li>

<li><a href="Molecular_communication" title="Molecular communication">Molecular communication</a></li>

<li><a href="Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">Radio waves</a>

<ul><li><a href="Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">Transmission line</a>

<ul><li><a href="Telecommunication_circuit" title="Telecommunication circuit">telecommunication circuit</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Network_topology" title="Network topology">Network topology</a><br>and switching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">Bandwidth</a></li>

<li><a href="Telecommunications_link" title="Telecommunications link">Links</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_switch" title="Network switch">Network switching</a>

<ul><li><a href="Circuit_switching" title="Circuit switching">circuit</a></li>

<li><a href="Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Node_(networking)" title="Node (networking)">Nodes</a>

<ul><li><a href="Terminal_(telecommunication)" title="Terminal (telecommunication)">terminal</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Telephone_exchange" title="Telephone exchange">Telephone exchange</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Space-division_multiple_access" title="Space-division multiple access">Space-division</a></li>

<li><a href="Frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Frequency-division multiplexing">Frequency-division</a></li>

<li><a href="Time-division_multiplexing" title="Time-division multiplexing">Time-division</a></li>

<li><a href="Polarization-division_multiplexing" title="Polarization-division multiplexing">Polarization-division</a></li>

<li><a href="Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing">Orbital angular-momentum</a></li>

<li><a href="Code-division_multiple_access" title="Code-division multiple access">Code-division</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Communication protocol</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_communication" title="Data communication">Data transmission</a></li>

<li><a href="Store_and_forward" title="Store and forward">Store and forward</a></li>

<li><a href="Telecommunications_equipment" title="Telecommunications equipment">Telecommunications equipment</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Types of network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Cellular network</a></li>

<li><a href="Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">Public Switched Telephone</a></li>

<li><a href="Radio_network" title="Radio network">Radio</a></li>

<li><a href="Television_broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Television broadcasting">Television</a></li>

<li><a href="Telex" title="Telex">Telex</a></li>

<li><a href="Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">Wireless network</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Notable networks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li>

<li><a href="BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li>

<li><a href="CYCLADES" title="CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a></li>

<li><a href="FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet2" title="Internet2">Internet2</a></li>

<li><a href="JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a></li>

<li><a href="NPL_network" title="NPL network">NPL network</a></li>

<li><a href="TANet" title="TANet">TANet</a></li>

<li><a href="Toasternet" title="Toasternet">Toasternet</a></li>

<li><a href="Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Africa</li>

<li>Americas

<ul><li>North</li>

<li>South</li></ul></li>

<li>Antarctica</li>

<li>Europe</li>

<li>Oceania</li>

<li><i><a href="List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies" title="List of telecommunications regulatory bodies">Global telecommunications regulation bodies</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ATelecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"></span></span> <a href="Outline_of_telecommunication" title="Outline of telecommunication">Outline</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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